Standard operating guidelines (SOGs) and standard operating procedures (SOPs) are essential components of fire department training and operations. They spell out the do’s and don’ts for fire department personnel, sometimes as strict requirements and other times as recommended best practices. While SOGs provide an overview of best practices, SOPs detail what is expected of personnel during emergency response and non-emergency activities and how to meet the expectations. SOGs and SOPs are not to be confused with fire department policies, the guiding principles used to set direction for an organization.